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With over 70 per cent of the population engaged in subsistence farming and dynamic population growth, Uganda is highly dependent on its forests for livelihoods and economic development. This, compounded by the effects...

The Cook Islands face growing risks from climate change, particularly through the intensification of tropical cyclones. Currently, the Cook Islands incur, on average, about USD 5 million per year (two per cent of GDP)...

The Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) has one of Southeast Asia's highest forest cover rates. Approximately 70 per cent of the population lives in rural areas, with nearly two-thirds heavily dependent on...

Central and West Asia are among the fastest-warming regions, with temperatures rising by 0.2–0.4°C per decade. Glacier systems in the Pamir and Tien Shan ranges are retreating rapidly; projections indicate over 50 per...

The Amazon biome is a vital global climate regulator. It is home to 47 million people, including 2.2 million Indigenous Peoples. The region is threatened by rising temperatures, prolonged droughts, extreme weather, and...

Brazil is Latin America’s largest economy and a leader in the global effort to stabilise the climate. With a nominal GDP of USD 2.18 trillion in 2024 and deep integration into global agrifood, energy, and mineral value...

South-East Asia remains one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change, partly because of its long coastal areas impacted by rising sea levels, densely populated urban areas and reliance on natural resources....

It is expected that USD 2.8 trillion will be needed between 2020 and 2030 for Africa to implement its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). Yet, in 2019 and 2020, Africa received only 12 to 15 per cent of the...

Jordan faces extreme water scarcity exacerbated by climate change and population growth. In 2022, the country had a water deficit of 20 per cent despite 94 per cent network access. Most households receive water less...

The Adjohoun, Bonou and Dangbo (ABD) health zone in the lower Ouémé valley of south-eastern Benin is highly vulnerable to seasonal and extreme flooding, rising temperatures and humidity. They lead to multiple climate-...

Climate change has hit Burkina Faso’s agriculture sector in recent years, as the country relies heavily on rainfed farming for staple crops like millet, sorghum, and maize. Rising temperatures, delayed rainy seasons,...

Zimbabwe is among the twenty most climate-vulnerable countries worldwide (ranked 174 out of 187 on ND-GAIN 2023). With 70 to 80 per cent of livelihoods reliant on rain-fed agriculture, climate shocks devastate food...

Cambodia faces increasingly frequent and severe climate hazards, with its vulnerability to climate change exacerbated by its location, weak governance and heavy reliance on climate-sensitive activities like agriculture...

Armenia is experiencing climate change impacts intensifying pressures on its ecosystems and rural communities. Forests, which cover only approximately 11 per cent of the country, are under severe pressure from...

Iraq is among the Middle East’s most climate-vulnerable countries, experiencing prolonged droughts, extreme heatwaves, dust storms, water scarcity, and seawater intrusion. These risks disproportionately affect southern...

Man-made activity, particularly land use change due to the conversion of rainforest to agriculture, is a key driver of emissions in Brazil. According to the Greenhouse Gases Emissions Estimation System (SEEG), in 2023,...

Dominica is a Small Island Developing State (SIDS), highly vulnerable to extreme hydrometeorological events (hurricanes, storms, droughts) with significant negative socioeconomic and environmental impacts. The country’s...

Belize and Trinidad and Tobago, like other vulnerable Small Island Developing States (SIDS), face disproportionate risks from climate change. Rising sea levels, extreme weather events, tropical cyclones, floods, heat...

India, among the world’s most climate-vulnerable nations, is facing escalating climate stress through worsening heatwaves, floods, droughts, and groundwater depletion. Tamil Nadu is particularly at risk, being at the...

India is home to approximately 150 million farmers, of whom 86 per cent are smallholders or marginal farmers. These farmers are disproportionately vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, which undermine...